刺激脉宽对脉宽阈值积的影响

目的研究脉宽阈值积与刺激脉宽之间的关系,深化对电刺激听神经反应的认识。方法首先,根据已有的单根听神经刺激脉宽与阈值之间的表达式和电诱发复合动作电位(electrically evoked compound action potential,ECAP)刺激脉宽与阈值之间的表达式,推导出脉宽阈值积与刺激脉宽之间成线性关系。其次,利用Shepherd发布的实验数据与豚鼠实验数据进行研究,发现脉宽阈值积与脉宽的关系不能用简单的线性关系进行解释,其曲线中存在极值点。结果研究结果表明,由于实验结果中脉宽阈值积与刺激脉宽之间呈现较强的非线性特性,因此由刺激脉宽与阈值之间的关系式推导出的脉宽阈值积与脉宽之间的关系式与实验结果不符。结论需进一步研究刺激脉宽对听神经反应的影响,给出符合实验结果的表达式。     

小儿复方氨基酸和锌佐治小儿难治性腹泻疗效分析

目的：探讨小儿复方氨基酸和锌佐治小儿难治性腹泻的临床效果。方法100例小儿难治性腹泻患儿，随机分为实验组与对照组，各50例。对照组患儿给予常规腹泻对症治疗，实验组患儿在对照组的基础上注射小儿复方氨基酸和口服葡萄糖酸锌口服液联合治疗，比较两组的临床疗效。结果实验组总有效率92%明显高于对照组62%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿复方氨基酸和锌佐治小儿难治性腹泻疗效显著，具有借鉴性。     

Family nurture intervention alters relationships between preterm infant EEG delta brush characteristics and term age EEG power

ObjectiveFamily Nurture Intervention (FNI) facilitates mother/infant emotional connection, improves neurodevelopmental outcomes and increases electroencephalogram (EEG) power at term age. Here we explored whether delta brushes (DB), early EEG bursts that shape brain development, are altered by FNI and mediate later effects of FNI on EEG.MethodsWe assessed DB characteristics in EEG data from a randomized controlled trial comparing infants with standard care (SC, n = 31) versus SC + FNI (n = 33) at ~35 and ~40 weeks GA.ResultsCompared to SC infants, FNI infant DB amplitude increased more from ~35 to ~40 weeks, and FNI infants had longer duration DBs. DB parameters (rate, amplitude, brush frequency) at ~35 weeks were correlated with power at ~40 weeks, but only in SC infants. FNI effects on DB parameters do not mediate FNI effects on EEG power or coherence at term.ConclusionsDBs are related to subsequent brain activity and FNI alters DB parameters. However, FNI’s effects on electrocortical activity at term age are not dependent on its earlier effects on DBs.SignificanceWhile early DBs can have important effects on later brain activity in preterm infants, facilitating emotional connection with FNI may allow brain maturation to be less dependent on early bursts.     

复方鳖甲软肝片联合恩替卡韦对肺结核伴慢性乙肝患者肝纤维化的影响

目的探讨复方鳖甲软肝片联合恩替卡韦对肺结核伴慢性乙肝患者肝纤维化的影响。方法选择我院2018年1月至2019年10月收治的60例肺结核伴慢性乙肝患者,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各30例。两组均实施常规抗结核治疗,在此基础上,对照组给予恩替卡韦,观察组给予恩替卡韦+复方鳖甲软肝片。比较两组的干预效果。结果治疗后,两组患者的血清HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的药物性肝损伤发生率低于对照组,病灶吸收率、空洞闭合率、HBV-DNA转阴率及HBeAg转阴率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在肺结核合并慢性乙肝患者的治疗中联合应用恩替卡韦和复方鳖甲软肝片,可降低药物性肝损伤发生率,减轻肝纤维化程度,促使结核病灶吸收、肺部空洞闭合、乙肝病毒转阴。     

基于“证治代谢组学”假说探讨中药（单体/复方）药效物质基础的研究思路与实践＊

中药(单体/复方)药效物质基础研究是中医药现代研究的关键问题之一。然而,目前运用的生化和分子生物学方法很难诠释其多靶点、整体性和动态性的整合调节作用。课题组提出的"证治代谢组学"假说理论指出,不同的证候存在"证相关代谢谱群"和"证相关生物标志物",这可能是中药药效物质基础所在,辨证论治后偏离的代谢网络功能呈现回归趋势。基于"证治代谢组学"假说开展中药(单体/复方)药效物质基础研究,这将为阐释中药(单体/复方)防病治病和养生保健的科学内涵及其对疾病个体的整合调节作用提供新的思路。本文以冠心病为研究载体、气阴虚血瘀证为切入点、活血保心丸为干预措施,就该研究思路的内涵与总体模式、提出的背景与依据、实践的方式与可行性、创新与特色及其研究意义等进行了简要介绍。     

基于中医传承辅助平台挖掘中药复方专利中治疗抑郁的用药规律＊

目的 通过挖掘中药复方专利中治疗抑郁的用药规律，为中药新方研发和临床应用提供参考。方法 登录中国专利公布公告网站，检索治疗抑郁的中药复方专利数据，采用中医传承辅助平台（V2.5）建立数据库，并对其进行频次统计、关联规则、复杂网络及熵层次聚类分析。结果 纳入2003年－2018年治疗抑郁的中药复方专利343项，涉及药物685味，最常用单味药为柴胡，高频药物归经以心、肝两经为主，功效多为安神、补气、活血、理气；最常用药对为白芍-柴胡，最常用角药为当归-白芍-柴胡；置信度最高的关联规则为“甘草，当归，茯苓→柴胡”；核心药物为柴胡、白芍、郁金、茯苓、甘草等; 熵层次聚类分析得到核心组合20个，新处方10首。结论 治疗抑郁的中药复方专利中常见证型为“肝郁脾虚证”，以疏肝解郁健脾为主要治则，同时根据症状辅以安神、益气、理气、活血、燥湿、清热等治法，多以逍遥散为基础方，常配伍心、肝两经药。     

Evaluation of admittance control as an alternative to passive arm supports to increase upper extremity function for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

The degree of upper extremity active range of motion provided by an admittance control robot compared with a commercially available passive arm support for individuals with DMD who have limited arm function was investigated in this study. The reachable workspace evaluation was used to assess active range of motion provided by both devices. A visual analog scale was also used to secure participant-reported outcome measures. The admittance control robot significantly increased reachable surface area scores compared with the passive arm support for the dominant arm (Wilcoxon T = 5, P = .022, r² = 0.263) and for the nondominant arm (paired-samples t test, t(9) = 4.66, P = .001, r² = 0.71). The admittance control robot also significantly decreased participant-reported exertion compared with the passive arm support. Results of this study substantiated the benefits of admittance control for individuals with DMD compared with a commercially available passive arm support.     

Is interleukin-2 an optimal marker for diagnosing tuberculosis infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a huge reservoir for the deadlier TB disease. Accurate identification of LTBI is a key strategy to eliminate TB. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis approach was used to assess diagnostic potential of IL-2 for LTBI.     

中药活性成分对肿瘤细胞周期基因的调控作用

细胞周期基因异常表达是肿瘤细胞携带缺陷基因无限增殖的关键，是具有巨大潜力的临床治疗靶点。中药活性成分因其抗癌效果显著，不良反应少等优点而被广泛关注。研究显示有中药活性成分可调控Cyclin、CDK和CKI等基因表达，而抑制肿瘤细胞生长，诱导细胞凋亡。本研究旨在为中药活性成分抗癌治疗的进一步临床应用提供药效基因分子生物学基础。     

Neurophysiology of motor skill learning in chronic stroke

ObjectiveMotor learning is relevant in chronic stroke for acquiring compensatory strategies to motor control deficits. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor skill acquisition with the paretic upper limb have received little systematic investigation. The aim of this study was to assess the modulation of corticomotor excitability and intracortical inhibition within ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) during motor skill learning.MethodsTen people at the chronic stage after stroke and twelve healthy controls trained on a sequential visuomotor isometric wrist extension task. Skill was quantified before, immediately after, 24 hours and 7 days post-training. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to examine corticomotor excitability and short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI and LICI) pre- and post-training.ResultsThe patient group exhibited successful skill acquisition and retention, although absolute skill level was lower compared with controls. In contrast to controls, patients’ ipsilesional corticomotor excitability was not modulated during skill acquisition, which may be attributed to excessive ipsilesional LICI relative to controls. SICI decreased after training for both patient and control groups.ConclusionsOur findings indicate distinct inhibitory networks within M1 that may be relevant for motor learning after stroke.SignificanceThese findings have potential clinical relevance for neurorehabilitation adjuvants aimed at augmenting the recovery of motor function.